γ h2ax immunofluorescence  (Beyotime)

Journal: Toxics

Article Title: Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, DNA Repair Inhibition, and Apoptosis Induced by Lead and Cadmium Combined Exposure in TK6 Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxics14040341

Figure Lengend Snippet: DNA damage markers induced by Pb and/or Cd in TK6 cells. ( A , C ) representative immunofluorescence staining images and quantification of γ-H2AX fluorescence intensity in TK6 cells. ( B , D , E ) representative the Comet assay images and quantitative analyses of Tail Length and Tail DNA%. Note: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 for Pb and/or Cd group vs. the control group; while ## p < 0.01 for the single exposure groups vs. the mixed group; § p < 0.05, §§ p < 0.01 for the resveratrol group vs. the mixed group.

Article Snippet: DNA damage was further assessed using a γ-H2AX detection kit (Beyotime, Shanghai, China; C2035S), which quantifies γ-H2AX levels, a well-established biomarker for DNA double-strand breaks.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Fluorescence, Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: UV-C LED wavelength effects on inactivation kinetics, DNA damage and membrane integrity in drinking water indicator bacteria

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-44556-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fluorescence microscopy images illustrating membrane integrity and DNA organization in stationary-phase E. coli ( a ) and E. faecium ( b ) before and after UV-C LED exposure at 265 nm (UV fluence of 14 mJ/cm²).From the left side, the first column shows phase contrast microscopy images (grayscale), the second shows membrane staining with FM4-64 (red), the third displays DNA stained with DAPI (cyan), and the fourth shows the merged images of FM4-64 and DAPI. These images show that, under these conditions, most cells retain apparent membrane integrity while displaying UV-induced alterations in DAPI-stained nucleoids. A larger field of view for the same conditions is presented in Figure in supplementary information section.

Article Snippet: The DNA samples were diluted to 4 μg/mL and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (OxiSelectTM UV-Induced DNA Damage ELISA Kit, CPD Quantification, Cell Biolabs, Inc, USA) was used to quantify the presence of CPDs in the DNA samples by comparing its absorbance with the absorbance of a CPD-DNA standard calibration curve.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microscopy, Membrane, Staining